The traditional ballast consists of a flyback converter to boost the dc voltage v in and a fullbridge inverter to convert the dc voltage to the lowfrequency squarewave sources that supply the automotive hid lamp. In this paper a simple method to design and improve the performance of high frequency selfoscillating electronic ballasts is presented. Analysis of a highpowerfactor electronics ballast for. Common electronic ballasts convert 60hz line voltage into a much higher frequency. Analysis of a highpowerfactor electronics ballast 71 fig 3. A new procedure for highfrequency electronic ballast design. Many current and all future electronic ballast part numbers will not use the rhtp suf. Starting the metal of a fluorescent fixture is a starting aid when prop. Tubelights are have negative differential resistance devices,meaning more the current flowing through them,lesser will be its resistance value.
Ballasts can be classified as electromagnetic type and electronic type. Regulating the electric current flowing through the lamp to stabilize light output. A full product range of t5 high frequency ballasts from osram designed for use with single, twin, triple and quad t5 16mm diameter fluorescent tubes rated between 14w and 80 watts. More detailed information on electronic ballasts, including manufacturerspecific performance. The primary difference is in the frequency delivered to the lamps and, obviously, the components that generate the frequencies. An electronic ballast or electrical ballast is a device which controls the starting voltage and the operating currents of lighting devices it does this through the principle of electrical gas discharge. Introduction highfrequency electronic ballasts for fluorescent lighting systems, also called. Introduction high frequency electronic ballasts for.
Electromagnetic ballasts have been used since their invention in 1940s and. Some basic facts and some advanced information on ballasts. American national standard for lamp ballastshigh frequency fluorescent lamp ballasts. As the distance from the high frequency electronic ballasts to the lamp increases, so does the capacitance across the lead wire to the lamp. A new control method for dimmable highfrequency electronic ballasts thomas j. Advanced highfrequency electronic ballasting techniques.
High frequency electronic ballasts standard to rapidstart x normal light output u series lamp data number f32t8, 2 watts min. Outline of technology fluorescent lamps are discharge lamps that require ballast to limit their current and thus their power. Providing the proper voltage to establish an arc between the two electrodes. Designing a high frequency electronic ballast output stage and choosing component values for various lamp types can be a difficult engineering challenge with many hidden pitfalls. Singlestage highpowerfactor electronic ballast with complex frequency modulation for hid lamps article pdf available in iet electric power applications.
For a cfl electronic ballast to be practical, its size and cost is of utmost importance. Figure efficacy of fluorescent lamp vs lamp operating frequency 6. As shown in figures 1 and 2, sales of electronic ballasts in the. Guide to specifying highfrequency electronic ballasts lighting. High frequency electronic ballast provides line frequency. Guide to specifying highfrequency electronic ballasts. Using a class e resonant inverter topology for a low voltage electronic fluorescent lamp ballast is an. High frequency electronic ballasts programmed start, normal light output series advance, 10275 west higgins road, rosemont, il 60018. Strong and intensive incandescent light sources, such as tungsten filament lamps. If your facility is in use more than 8 hours per day, it may be cost. High frequency electronic ballasts 16 ordering information how to order advance transformer has developed the industrys broadest distribution system for electronic ballasts. However, if one lamp fails, all other lamps in the circuit will. Electronic ballasts lighting research center rensselaer. An electrical ballast is a device placed in series with a load to limit the amount of current in an.
But, on the other hand, the magnetic ballast provides a very low cost solution for driving. Multilamp highpowerfactor electronic ballast using a. International rectifier, power integrated ci rcuits 233 kansas st. The interference problems between hf electronic ballast operating fluorescent lamps and ir remote control equipment could be avoided by specifying the operating frequency of electronic ballasts to be above 40 khz. Making fluorescent lamp ballast measurements with the. Electronic ballasts for t5, t8 and t12 fluorescent lamps reliable and energyefficient, advances broad line of centium high frequency electronic ballasts for t5, t8 and t12 fluorescent lamps offers all of the energysaving properties of advances standard electronic line plus the added benefits of extended life and small can size options for. Class p ballast protection tp suffix are equipped with a thermally actuated automatic reclosing protective device. Dynamic analysis of frequencycontrolled electronic ballasts yan yin, regan zane, robert erickson. Light out of the lamp flickers at the same frequency as the ac line voltage. For ambistar 1lamp operation on 2lamp ballast, use red and yellow connectors 129 t4 high power factor sound rated a high frequency electronic ballasts for w triple lamps advance, 10275 west higgins road. Ee 5741 design of electronic ballasts eric persson exec.
This increase in capacitance is important for two reasons. Ballast operates zvs to minimize switching loss ballast controls frequency to adjust lamp current ballast self protects by shutdown when lamp misbehaves 21. Nlpip prepared this guide to specifying high frequency electronic ballasts, including a sample speci. The performance of the cfl depends on the design of the electronic ballast circuit that is located at the base of each cfl. A new procedure for highfrequency electronic ballast design thomas j. High frequency electronic ballasts 110 electronic ballast fundamentals the job of a ballast in all fluorescent lighting systems, the ballast s basic tasks include. The square wave frequency is not referenced to the line hertz rate. The highfrequency current flowing through the lamp can generate significant radiated noise, which is unacceptable in noisesensitive applications, such as fluorescent lights in airplanes. The sepic is used effectively as stepup or stepdown and it works same as buckboost converter and has an advantage of noninverting output.
Ballast family lamp starting method line current amps input power ansi watts ballast factor max. Ballast basics modern electronic ballasts operate at a frequency above 20,000 hz. An1543d electronic lamp ballast design on semiconductor. Understandably tradeoffs exist in emi, cost and reliability. Sepic as pfc stage the sepic is used as pfc stage for efls. Dynamic analysis of frequencycontrolled electronic ballasts.
The functions performed by present day electronic ballasts include electromagnetic interference emi filtering to block ballast generated noise, rectification, power factor correction pfc, a halfbridge resonant output stage for high frequency ac control of the lamp, and a control circuit for controlling each of the stages figure 1. An electronic ballast is usually quieter than a magnetic one, which produces a linefrequency hum by vibration of the transformer laminations. How does the electronic ballast work in tubelights. An electronic ballast uses solid state electronic circuitry to provide the proper starting and operating electrical conditions to power discharge lamps. Small size, light weight, high efficacy, longer lifetime and controllable output are the main advantages of highfrequency electronic ballasts for gas discharge lamps. Modern solidstate circuitry makes the electronic ballast practical, reliable and. This revolutionary development was originally designed and introduced by advance, and today this class p device is a requirement of the national. An easy transition from magnetic switching from magnetic to electronic t12 is easy with philips advances electronic t12 ballasts the department of energy doe ballast ruling that became effective in 2005, prevents the manufacture of magnetic replacement ballasts sold through electrical distribution after july 1, 2010. Pdf analysis and design method for highfrequency self. Refer to pages 832 to 841 for lead lengths and shipping data standard 112 t8 high frequency electronic ballasts instant start, low watt parallel advance, 10275 west higgins road, rosemont, il 60018.
The proposed method is based on the describing function. An easy transition from magnetic light bulbs from the. Highfrequency dimmable electronic ballast for automotive. However, power line quality and electromagnetic interference emi issues arise when a simple peak rectifying circuit is used. Ballast epa products dimmable ballast 2ft hfballast for tld lamps t8 dsi highfrequency electronic dimming ballast, using the digital protocol for tld lamps.
Multilamp highpowerfactor electronic ballast using a fixedfrequency selfoscillating driver marco a. Combined electronic ballast and emergency lighting. However, power line quality and electromagnetic interference. Using shielded enclosures for the lamps may solve the problem, but it is expensive. A lowcost highefficiency high powerdensity electronic ballast for 35 w automotive high intensity discharge hid is presented along with the results of theoretical computations and experimental. Interference problems of fluorescent lamps operating on. Highfrequency dimmable electronic ballast for automotive hid lamps huangjen chiu1, hsiuming huang 1, liwei lin 2 1dept. This means an increasing current will allow for some more current due to lowered resistance, and the tu. A highfrequency lamp current, such as the one generated by the highfrequency electronic ballast described above, is desirable from the point of view of lamp efficacy, but it can generate significant radiated. This means an electronic ballast will correct for a generator which is slightly off speed. Most electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps provide a sinusoidal lamp current at the switching frequency. These mains voltage quicktronic professional ecg offer very high energy efficiency and ensure long lamp life. Pdf files of specifier reports and several searchable databases.
The march 2020 online edition is now available for viewing and download. High frequency electronic ballasts 110 electronic ballast fundamentals the job of a ballast in all fluorescent lighting systems, the ballasts basic tasks include. Some basic facts and some advanced information on ballasts for fluorescent lamps contents. Thus, the main challenge in the design of practical. For information on the distributor best able to serve your needs, please call 8003723331. As new lamp types emerge on the market, with virtually no high frequency lamp data available, the task of designing the output stage becomes even more difficult. Prado researching group of electronic ballasts federal university of santa maria av. Some basic facts and some advanced information on ballasts for. Electronic ballasts provide power at a frequency where fluorescent lamps exhibit higher efficacy. Electronic ballasts usually supply power to the lamp at a frequency of 20,000 hz or higher.
The frequency of the square wave is controlled by output control circuits attached to the ballasts little electronic cerebral cortexthe mother board. An electronic ballast will convert power frequency to a very high frequency to initialize the gas discharge process in fluorescent lamps by controlling. High frequency electronic multiwatt ballasts can handle input voltages over a wide range 176 276vac 5060hz aurora multiwatt ballasts can be used with plc, pll, t8, t5 and tcdd lamp types check the ballast label for details. Replacing standard fluorescent lamps with highefficiency fluorescent lamps saves energy and money. Pdf singlestage highpowerfactor electronic ballast. When the ballast is properly grounded, the leakage current does not constitute a hazard. Warm start fixed output, combined electronic high frequency ballasts. Simple control circuits for electronic ballast design. The advantages of highfrequency electronic ballast over older line frequency types are that. High frequency electronic ballasts programmed start, normal light output series. The variable frequency was not so much different from the use of electronic ballasts today, only the frequencies were lower and the magnetic. Without proper fixture and ballast grounding, a shock hazard may exist due to the fluorescent fixture becoming energized by an internal ballast failure to case.
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